Extended Tsallis-Cirto entropy for black and white holes
G. E. Volovik
Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
Abstract
In black hole thermodynamics, entropy is non-extensive.
This entropy obeys the composition rule which
coincides with the composition rule in the non-extensive Tsallis-Cirto
δ=2 statistics. Here we extend this approach to the thermodynamics
of white holes. The entropy of the white hole is negative as follows from
the rate of macroscopic quantum tunneling from black hole to white hole.
The white hole entropy is with the minus sign the entropy of the black
hole with the same mass,
S WH(M)=-S BH(M). This reflects the anti-symmetry with
respect to time reversal, at which the shift vector in the Arnowitt-Deser-Misner
formalism changes sign. This symmetry allows one to extend
the Tsallis-Cirto entropy by adding a minus sign to the Tsallis-Cirto
formula applied to white hole. As a result, the composition rule remains
the same, with the only difference being that instead of entropy it
contains the entropy modulus. The same non-extensive composition rule is
obtained for the entropy of the Reissner-Nordström black hole. This
entropy is formed by the positive entropy of the outer horizon and the
negative entropy of the inner horizon. The model of the black hole formed
by black hole atoms with Planck-scale mass is also extended to
include the negative entropy of white holes.